See also
| Husband: | Edward Plantagenet - King Edward III (1312-1377) | |
| Wife: | Philippa of Hainault (1314-1369) | |
| Children: | Edward Plantagenet - The Black Prince (1330-1376) | |
| Isabella Plantagenet (1332- ) | ||
| Joan Plantagenet (1333- ) | ||
| William Plantagenet (1337- ) | ||
| Lionel Plantagenet (1338- ) | ||
| John Plantagenet of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (1340-1399) | ||
| Edmund Plantagenet of Langley, 1st Duke of York (1341- ) | ||
| Blanche Plantagenet (1342- ) | ||
| Mary Plantagenet (1344- ) | ||
| Margaret Plantagenet (1346- ) | ||
| Thomas Plantagenet of Windsor (1347-1348) | ||
| Thomas Plantagenet - 1st Duke of Gloucester (1355-1397) | ||
| Marriage | 24 Jan 1328 | |
Edward Plantagenet - King Edward III
| Name: | Edward Plantagenet - King Edward III | |
| Sex: | Male | |
| Father: | Edward Plantagenet - King Edward II (1284-1327) | |
| Mother: | Isabella - of France ( - ) | |
| Note: | Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was King of England from 25 January 1327 until his death; he is noted for his military success and for restoring royal authority after the disastrous reign of his father, Edward II. Edward III transformed the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe. His long reign of fifty years also saw vital developments in legislation and government—in particular the evolution of the English parliament—as well as the ravages of the Black Death. Edward was crowned at age fourteen after his father was deposed by his mother and her lover Roger Mortimer. At age seventeen he led a successful coup against Mortimer, the de facto ruler of the country, and began his personal reign. After a successful campaign in Scotland he declared himself rightful heir to the French throne in 1337 but his claim was denied due to the Salic law. This started what would become known as the Hundred Years' War.[1] Following some initial setbacks the war went exceptionally well for England; victories at Crécy and Poitiers led to the highly favourable Treaty of Brétigny. Edward's later years, however, were marked by international failure and domestic strife, largely as a result of his inactivity and poor health. Edward III was a temperamental man but capable of unusual clemency. He was in many ways a conventional king whose main interest was warfare. Admired in his own time and for centuries after, Edward was denounced as an irresponsible adventurer by later Whig historians such as William Stubbs. This view has been challenged recently and modern historians credit him with some significant achievements. |
|
| Birth | 13 Nov 1312 | Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England1 |
| Title | King Edward III | |
| Death | 21 Jul 1377 (age 64) | Sheen Palace, Richmond, London, England1 |
| Burial | Westminster Abbey, London, England | |
| Name: | Philippa of Hainault | |
| Sex: | Female | |
| Father: | - | |
| Mother: | - | |
| Note: | Philippa of Hainault, LG or Philippa of Holland (24 June[1] 1314 – 15 August 1369) was Queen of England as the wife of King Edward III.[2] Edward, Duke of Guyenne, her future husband, promised in 1326 to marry her within the following two years.[3] She was married to Edward, first by proxy, when Edward dispatched the Bishop of Coventry "to marry her in his name" in Valenciennes (second city in importance of the county of Hainaut) in October 1327.[4] The marriage was celebrated formally in York Minster on 24 January 1328, some months after Edward's accession to the throne of England. In August 1328, he also fixed his wife's dower.[5] Philippa acted as regent on several occasions when her husband was away from his kingdom and she often accompanied him on his expeditions to Scotland, France, and Flanders. Philippa won much popularity with the English people for her kindness and compassion, which were demonstrated in 1347 when she successfully persuaded King Edward to spare the lives of the Burghers of Calais. It was this popularity that helped maintain peace in England throughout Edward's long reign.[6] The eldest of her fourteen children was Edward, the Black Prince, who became a renowned military leader. Philippa died at the age of fifty-five from an illness closely related to dropsy. The Queen's College, Oxford was founded in her honour. |
|
| Birth | 24 Jun 1314 | |
| Death | 15 Aug 1369 (age 55) | |
| Name: | Edward Plantagenet - The Black Prince | |
| Sex: | Male | |
| Spouse: | Joan Plantagenet - 4th Countess of Kent (1328-1385) | |
| Children: | Richard Plantagenet - King Richard II (1367-1400) | |
| Note: | Edward of Woodstock KG (15 June 1330 – 8 June 1376), called the Black Prince, was the eldest son of King Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, and the father of King Richard II of England. He was the first Duke of Cornwall (from 1337), the Prince of Wales (from 1343) and the Prince of Aquitaine (1362–72). He was called "Edward of Woodstock" in his early life, after his birthplace, and since the 16th century has been popularly known as the Black Prince. He was an exceptional military leader, and his victories over the French at the Battles of Crécy and Poitiers made him very popular during his lifetime. In 1348 he became the first Knight of the Garter, of whose order he was one of the founders. Edward died one year before his father, becoming the first English Prince of Wales not to become King of England. The throne passed instead to his son Richard II, a minor, upon the death of Edward III. Richard Barber comments that Edward "has attracted relatively little attention from serious historians, but figures largely in popular history. |
|
| Birth | 15 Jun 1330 | Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire, England2 |
| Death | 8 Jun 1376 (age 45)2 | |
| Name: | Isabella Plantagenet | |
| Sex: | Female | |
| Birth | 16 Jun 13322 | |
| Name: | Joan Plantagenet | |
| Sex: | Female | |
| Birth | 19 Dec 13332 | |
| Name: | William Plantagenet | |
| Sex: | Male | |
| Birth | 16 Feb 13372 | |
| Name: | Lionel Plantagenet | |
| Sex: | Male | |
| Birth | 29 Nov 13382 | |
John Plantagenet of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
| Name: | John Plantagenet of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster | |
| Sex: | Male | |
| Spouse 1: | Blanche of Lancaster ( -1369) | |
| Spouse 2: | Infanta Constance of Castille ( -1394) | |
| Spouse 3: | Katherine Swynford ( - ) | |
| Children: | Philippa Lancaster - Queen of Portugal ( - ) | |
| Elizabeth Lancaster - Duchess of Exeter ( - ) | ||
| Henry Lancaster - King Henry IV (Bolingbroke) (1367-1413) | ||
| Catherine Plantagenet - Queen of Castille ( - ) | ||
| John Beaufort - 1st Earl of Somerset ( - ) | ||
| Henry Beaufort - Cardinal ( - ) | ||
| Thomas Beaufort - Duke of Exeter ( - ) | ||
| Joan Beaufort - Countess of Westmorland ( - ) | ||
| Note: | John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, KG (6 March 1340 – 3 February 1399) was a member of the House of Plantagenet, the third surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was called "John of Gaunt" because he was born in Ghent, then rendered in English as Gaunt. When he became unpopular later in life, scurrilous rumours and lampoons circulated that he was actually the son of a Ghent butcher, perhaps because Edward III was not present at the birth. This story always drove him to fury.[2] As a younger brother of Edward, Prince of Wales (Edward, the Black Prince), John exercised great influence over the English throne during the minority of his nephew, Richard II, and during the ensuing periods of political strife, but was not thought to have been among the opponents of the king. John of Gaunt's legitimate male heirs, the Lancasters, included Kings Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI. His other legitimate descendants included, by his first wife, Blanche, his daughters Queen Philippa of Portugal and Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter; and by his second wife, Constance, his daughter Queen Catherine of Castile. John fathered five children outside marriage, one early in life by a lady-in-waiting to his mother, and four surnamed "Beaufort" (after a former French possession of the Duke) by Katherine Swynford, Gaunt's long-term mistress and third wife. The Beaufort children, three sons and a daughter, were legitimised by royal and papal decrees after John and Katherine married in 1396; a later proviso that they were specifically barred from inheriting the throne, the phrase excepta regali dignitate (except royal status), was inserted with dubious authority by their half-brother Henry IV. Descendants of this marriage included Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester and eventually Cardinal; Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, grandmother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III; John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, the grandfather of Margaret Beaufort, the mother of King Henry VII; and Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots, from whom are descended, beginning in 1437, all subsequent sovereigns of Scotland, and successively, from 1603 on, the sovereigns of England, of Great Britain and Ireland, and of the United Kingdom to the present day. The three succeeding houses of English sovereigns from 1399—the Houses of Lancaster, York and Tudor—were descended from John through Henry Bolingbroke, Joan Beaufort and John Beaufort, respectively. Lancaster's eldest son and heir, Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford, was exiled for ten years by King Richard II in 1398 as resolution to a dispute between Hereford and Thomas de Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk.[3] When John of Gaunt died in 1399, his estates and titles were declared forfeit to the crown as King Richard II named Hereford a traitor and changed his sentence to exile for life.[3] Henry Bolingbroke returned from exile to reclaim his inheritance and depose Richard. Bolingbroke then reigned as King Henry IV of England (1399–1413), the first of the descendants of John of Gaunt to hold the throne of England. Due to some generous land grants, John was one of the richest men in his era. see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt |
|
| Birth | 6 Mar 1340 | Ghent, Flanders, Belgium2 |
| Death | 3 Feb 1399 (age 58) | Leicester Castle, Leicestershire3 |
| Burial | St Paul's Cathedral, London, England3 | |
| Name: | Edmund Plantagenet of Langley, 1st Duke of York | |
| Sex: | Male | |
| Birth | 5 Jun 13412 | |
| Name: | Blanche Plantagenet | |
| Sex: | Female | |
| Birth | Mar 13422 | |
| Name: | Mary Plantagenet | |
| Sex: | Female | |
| Birth | 10 Oct 13442 | |
| Name: | Margaret Plantagenet | |
| Sex: | Female | |
| Birth | 20 Jul 13462 | |
| Name: | Thomas Plantagenet of Windsor | |
| Sex: | Male | |
| Birth | 13472 | |
| Death | Sep 1348 (age 0-1)2 | |
| Name: | Thomas Plantagenet - 1st Duke of Gloucester | |
| Sex: | Male | |
| Spouse: | Eleanor de Bohun (1366-1399) | |
| Children: | Anne Plantagenet - of Gloucester, Countess of Stafford and Eu (1383-1438) | |
| Joanna Plantagenet ( - ) | ||
| Emma Plantagenet ( - ) | ||
| Humphrey Plantagenet ( - ) | ||
| Joan Plantagenet ( - ) | ||
| Isabel Plantagenet ( - ) | ||
| Richard Berners Plantagenet ( - ) | ||
| Phillipa Plantagenet ( - ) | ||
| Note: | Youngest Son of King Edward III | |
| Birth | 7 Jan 13554 | |
| Title (1) | Youngest Son of King Edward III | |
| Title (2) | 1st Duke of Gloucester | |
| Death | 8 Sep 1397 (age 42)4 | |
| 1 | "Wikipedia" (en.wikipedia.org). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_II_of_England. |
| 2 | Ibid. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_England. |
| 3 | Ibid. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt. |
| 4 | "The Wiki Tree" (http://www.wikitree.com/genealogy/Plantagenet-Family-Tree-114). |