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Charles Augustus Stone, 1820 Settler

Male Abt 1796 - 1839  (43 years)


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Timeline

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1728
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1811
1839
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   Date  Event(s)
1 1700 
  • 1700—1799:
    SA - VOC slave trading in Mozambique; Zanzibar and Madagascar
2 1770 
  • 1770—1799:
    SA - Intensive Khoisan resistance to Trekboer occupation
3 1790 
  • 1790—1799:
    SA - In documented raids on "Bosjesmen" 2000 - 3000 Khoisan are killed
4 1795 
  • 1795—1802:
    SA - British occupy Cape on behalf of William of Orange. Slaves outnumber European settlers at this time
5 1796 
  • 1796—1796:
    Pitt's Reign of Terror': More treason trials - leading radicals emigrate
  • 1796—1796:
    Legacy Tax on sums over ?20 excluding those to wives, children, parents and grandparents
  • 1796—1796:
    SA - Pieter Pienaar murdered by Jager Afrikaner at Hantam. Afrikaner becomes frontier leader
  • 14 May 1796—14 May 1796:
    Dr Edward Jenner gave first vaccination for smallpox in England
6 1797 
  • 1797—1797:
    England in Crisis, Bank of England suspends cash payments
  • 1797—1797:
    Mutinies in the British Navy at Spithead and Nore
  • 1797—1797:
    Tax on newspapers (including cheap, topical journals) increased to repress radical publications
  • 1797—1797:
    The first copper pennies were produced ('cartwheels') by application of steam power to the coining press
  • 22 Feb 1797—22 Feb 1797:
    French invade Fishguard, Wales; last time UK invaded; all captured 2 days later
  • 26 Feb 1797—26 Feb 1797:
    First ?1 (and ?2) notes issued by Bank of England
7 1798 
  • 1798—1798:
    First planned human experiment with vaccination, to test theories of Edward Jenner
  • 1798—1798:
    SA - First Post Office. Liquidation of Dutch East India Company. First mosque in southern Africa established in Dorp Street by Tuan Guru. Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded at Swellendam.
  • Feb 1798—Feb 1798:
    The Irish Rebellion; 100,000 peasants revolt; approximately 25,000 die - Irish Parliament abolished (Feb-Oct)
  • 1 Aug 1798—1 Aug 1798:
    Battle of the Nile (won by Nelson)
8 1799 
  • 1799—1799:
    Foundation of Royal Military College Sandhurst by the Duke of York
  • 1799—1799:
    Foundation of the Royal Institution of Great Britain
  • 1799—1802:
    SA - Eastern Cape Khoekhoe revolt
  • 1799—1799:
    SA - First London Missionary Society (LMS) station - to |Xam - on Zak River.
  • 1799—1799:
    SA - Fort Frederick built in Algoa Bay by British soldiers. Third Frontier War between the Xhosa and whites. Beginning of London Missionary Society work in South Africa.
  • 9 Jan 1799—9 Jan 1799:
    Pitt brings in 10% income tax, as a wartime financial measure
  • 12 Jul 1799—12 Jul 1799:
    'Combination Laws' in Britain against political associations and combinations
  • 15 Jul 1799—15 Jul 1799:
    ?Rosetta Stone' discovered in Egypt made possible the deciphering (in 1822) of Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics
9 1800 
  • 1800—1800:
    Electric light first produced by Sir Humphrey Davy
  • 1800—1800:
    Use of high pressure steam pioneered by Richard Trevithick (1771-1833)
  • 1800—1800:
    Royal College of Surgeons founded
  • 1800—1800:
    Herschel discovers infra-red light
  • 1800—1800:
    Volta makes first electrical battery
  • 1800—1800:
    SA - First printing press in Cape Town. Government Gazette started.
  • 2 Jul 1800—2 Jul 1800:
    Parliamentary union of Great Britain and Ireland
10 1801 
  • 1801—1801:
    Grand Union Canal opens in England
  • 1801—1801:
    Elgin Marbles brought from Athens to London
  • 1801—1801:
    SA - Official expedition of Truter; Somerville; Barrow and Daniell; with missionaries Jan Matthys Kok and William Edwards; reaches Dithakong
  • 1801—1801:
    SA - William Anderson established mission at Aakaap and then Klaarwater (later Griquatown). Khoisan spelling book printed by LMS
  • 1 Jan 1801—1 Jan 1801:
    Union Jack becomes the official British flag
  • 10 Mar 1801—10 Mar 1801:
    First census puts the population of England and Wales at 9,168,000. Population of Britain nearly 11 million (75% rural)
  • 24 Dec 1801—24 Dec 1801:
    Richard Trevithick built the first self-propelled passenger carrying road loco
11 1802 
  • Feb 1802—Jan 1806:
    SA - Batavian Republic rules the Cape.
  • 25 Mar 1802—25 Mar 1802:
    Treaty of Amiens signed by Britain, France, Spain, and the Netherlands ? the 'Peace of Amiens' as it was known brought a temporary peace of 14 months during the Napoleonic Wars ? one of its most important cultural effects was that travel and correspondence across the English Channel became possible again
12 1803 
  • 1803—1803:
    Poaching made a Capital offense in England if capture resisted
  • 1803—1803:
    Richard Trevithick built another steam carriage and ran it in London as the first self-propelled vehicle in the capital and the first London bus
  • 1803—1803:
    Semaphore signaling perfected by Admiral Popham
  • 30 Apr 1803—30 Apr 1803:
    Louisiana Purchase: Napoleon sells French possessions in America to United States
  • 12 May 1803—12 May 1803:
    Peace of Amiens ends ? resumption of war with France ? The Napoleonic Wars (1803-18l5)
  • 23 Jul 1803—23 Jul 1803:
    First public railway opens (Surrey Iron Railway, 9 miles from Wandsworth to Croydon, horse-drawn)
13 1804 
  • 1804—1804:
    Matthew Flinders recommends that the newly discovered country, New Holland, be renamed 'Australia'
  • 1804—1806:
    SA - Heinrich Lichtenstein travels to Dithakong
  • 1804—1804:
    SA - Uitenhage founded.
  • 21 Feb 1804—21 Feb 1804:
    Richard Trevithick runs his railway engine on the Penydarren Railway (9.5 miles from Pen-y-Darren to Abercynon in South Wales) this hauled a train with 10 tons of iron and 70 passengers. It was commemorated by the Royal Mint in 2004 in the form of A ?2 coin.
  • 3 Mar 1804—3 Mar 1804:
    John Wedgwood (eldest son of the potter Josiah Wedgwood) founds The Royal Horticultural Society
  • 2 Dec 1804—2 Dec 1804:
    Napoleon declares himself Emperor of the French
  • 12 Dec 1804—12 Dec 1804:
    Spain declares war on Britain
14 1805 
  • 1805—1805:
    London docks opened
  • 21 Oct 1805—21 Oct 1805:
    Admiral Nelson's victory at Trafalgar
  • 2 Dec 1805—2 Dec 1805:
    Battle of Austerlitz; Napoleon defeats Austrians and Russians
15 1806 
  • 1806—1806:
    Dartmoor Prison opened (built by French prisoners)
  • 1806—1806:
    SA - LMS station at Warmbad; Great Namaqualand
  • 1806—1806:
    SA - First regular inland postal service.
  • 1806—1806:
    SA - Second British occupation of the Cape
  • 9 Jan 1806—9 Jan 1806:
    Nelson buried in St Paul's cathedral, London
16 1807 
  • 1807—1807:
    SA - British ban slave trade, importation of slaves to the Cape ends
  • 25 Mar 1807—25 Mar 1807:
    Parliament passes Act prohibiting slavery and the importation of slaves from 1808 ? but does not prohibit colonial slavery
17 1808 
  • 1808—1808:
    SA - Clanwilliam founded.
  • 1808—1808:
    Gas lighting in London streets
  • 13 Jul 1808—13 Jul 1808:
    'Hot Wednesday' ? temperature of 101?F in the shade recorded in London
  • 20 Dec 1808—20 Dec 1808:
    Beethoven premieres his Fifth Symphony, Sixth Symphony, Fourth Piano Concerto and Choral Fantasy together in Vienna
18 1809 
  • 1809—1809:
    SA - Gola's Xhosa community settles at Pramberg.
  • 1809—1809:
    SA - Severe drought in eastern frontier.
  • 12 Feb 1809—12 Feb 1809:
    Birth of Charles Darwin
  • 18 Sep 1809—18 Sep 1809:
    Royal Opera House opens in London
19 1810 
  • 1810—1810:
    SA - Montshiwa of Rolong born
  • 1810—1810:
    John McAdam begins road construction in England, giving his name to the process of road metalling
20 1811 
  • 1811—1812:
    SA - William John Burchell travels in the interior
  • 1811—1811:
    SA - Caledon and George founded. Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Caledon. Regular circuit courts introduced.
  • 1811—1812:
    SA - Fourth Frontier War between Xhosa and whites.
  • 5 Feb 1811—5 Feb 1811:
    Prince of Wales (future George IV) made Regent after George III deemed insane
21 1812 
  • 1812—1812:
    SA - Molehabangwe of Tlhaping died; succeeded by son Mothibi
  • 1812—1812:
    SA - Cradock and Grahamstown founded.
  • 11 May 1812—11 May 1812:
    Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval, assassinated ? shot as he entered the House of Commons by a bankrupt Liverpool broker, John Bellingham, who was subsequently hanged
  • 18 Jun 1812—18 Jun 1812:
    Start of American 'War of 1812' (to 1814) against England and Canada
  • Oct 1812—Oct 1812:
    Napoleon retreats from Moscow with catastrophic losses
22 1813 
  • 1813—1813:
    SA - Revd John Campbell conducts mission inspection in the interior
  • 1813—1813:
    SA - Adam Kok's people assert the name Griqua
  • 1813—1813:
    SA - Court proceedings opened to the public.
  • 1813—1813:
    Ireland: First recorded '12th of July' sectarian riots in Belfast
  • 1813—1813:
    Jane Austen wrote 'Pride and Prejudice'
23 1814 
  • 1814—1814:
    SA - The Cape Colony is formally ceded to Britain. Mail packet service started between Britain and the Cape.
  • 1 Jan 1814—1 Jan 1814:
    Invasion of France by Allies
  • 6 Apr 1814—6 Apr 1814:
    Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to Elba
  • 13 Aug 1814—13 Aug 1814:
    Convention of London signed, a treaty between the UK and the Dutch
  • 24 Aug 1814—24 Aug 1814:
    The British burn the White House
  • 29 Nov 1814—29 Nov 1814:
    'The Times' first printed by a 'mechanical apparatus' (at 1100 sheets per hour)
  • 24 Dec 1814—24 Dec 1814:
    Treaty of Ghent signed ending the 1812 war between Britain and the US
24 1815 
  • 1815—1815:
    SA - Slagter's Nek Rebellion.
  • 1815—1815:
    Trial by Jury established in Scotland
  • 1815—1815:
    Davy develops the safety lamp for miners
  • 18 Jun 1815—18 Jun 1815:
    The Battle of Waterloo: Napoleon defeated and exiled to St. Helena
25 1816 
  • 1816—1816:
    SA - Missionaries Read and Hamilton; with Hendriks; Kakkerlak and Sedras establish Kuruman Mission (LMS)
  • 1816—1816:
    SA - Wesleyan Mission to Nama at Leliefontein
  • 1816—1816:
    Income tax abolished
  • 1816—1816:
    For the first time British silver coins were produced with an intrinsic value substantially below their face value ? the first official 'token' coinage
  • 1816—1816:
    Climate: the 'year without a summer' ? followed a volcanic explosion of the mountain 'Tambora in Indonesia the previous year the biggest volcanic explosion in 10000 years
  • 1816—1816:
    Large scale emigration to North America
  • 1816—1816:
    Trans-Atlantic packet service begins
26 1817 
  • 1817—1817:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Uitenhage.
  • 1817—1817:
    SA - Approximately 200 Scottish artisan immigrants brought to Cape by Benjamin Moodie.
  • 1817—1817:
    March of the Manchester Blanketeers; Habeas Corpus suspended
  • 1817—1817:
    Constable painted 'Flatford Mill'
27 1818 
  • 1818—1818:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Cradock. Settlement of land beyond Orange River. Beaufort West founded.
  • 1818—1819:
    SA - Fifth Frontier War between Xhosa and whites. Grahamstown attacked.
  • 1818—1818:
    Manchester cotton spinners' strike
  • 20 Oct 1818—20 Oct 1818:
    'Convention of 1818' signed between the United States and the United Kingdom which, among other things, settled the US-Canada border on the 49th parallel for most of its length
28 1819 
  • 1819—1819:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregations founded in Beaufort West and Somerset West.
  • 1819—1819:
    Primitive bicycle, the Dandy Horse, becomes popular
  • 1819—1819:
    Britain returns to gold standard
  • 1819—1819:
    Singapore founded by Sir Stamford Raffles
  • May 1819—May 1819:
    SS 'Savannah' first steamship to cross Atlantic reaching Liverpool 20 June 1819 (26 Days reaching Liverpool 20 June 1819 (26 Days mostly under sail)
  • 16 Aug 1819—16 Aug 1819:
    Peterloo Massacre at Manchester ? a large, orderly group of 60,000 meets at St. Peter's Fields, Manchester ? demand Parliamentary Reform ? mounted troops charge on the meeting, killing 11 people and and maiming many others
29 1820 
  • 1820—1820:
    SA - James Read produces first book in SeTswana
  • 1820—1820:
    SA - Andries Waterboer elected Griqua Captain at Griquatown
  • 1820—1820:
    SA - Port Elizabeth named by Sir Rufane Donkin. Worcester founded.
  • 1820—1821:
    SA - Approximately 4000 British settlers arrive in Port Elizabeth as part of the 1820 Settlers immigration scheme, they are settled in the Eastern Cape.
  • 1820—1820:
    Cato Street Conspiracy ? plot to assissinate British cabinet
  • 1820—1820:
    Abolition of the Spanish Inquisition
  • 29 Jan 1820—29 Jan 1820:
    Accession of George IV, previously Prince Regent
  • 1 Aug 1820—1 Aug 1820:
    Regent's Canal in London opens
  • 17 Aug 1820—17 Aug 1820:
    Trial of Queen Caroline to prove her infidelities so George IV can divorce her ? George tries to secure a Bill of Pains and Penalties against her ? Caroline is virtually acquitted because bill passed by such a small majority of Lords
30 1821 
  • 1821—1821:
    SA - Robert Moffat; in Namaqualand from 1817; moves to Kuruman
  • 1821—1821:
    Faraday publishes 'Principles of electro-magnetic rotation'
  • 1821—1821:
    Constable paints 'The Hay Wain'
  • 5 May 1821—5 May 1821:
    Napoleon Bonaparte dies on St Helena
31 1822 
  • 1822—1828:
    SA - English becomes the official language of the Cape Colony.
  • 14 Jun 1822—14 Jun 1822:
    Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society
32 1823 
  • 1823—1823:
    SA - Difaqane (1820s) Battle of Dithakong - MaNthatisi repulsed by Tlhaping with help from Griquas. Tswana to north and east heavily disrupted by Difaqane raids. 1824 Bergenaar rebellion
  • 1823—1823:
    SA - Approximately 146 Irish settlers brought to the Cape by John Ingram.
  • 1823—1823:
    New laws concerning marriage by license ? 'very troublesome' according to some the Act was repealed all in a hurry at the beginning of the next session
  • 1823—1823:
    Peel begins penal reforms ? death penalty abolished for over 100 crimes
  • 1823—1823:
    Rugby Football 'invented' at Rugby School
  • 1823—1823:
    Rubberised waterproof material produced by MacIntosh
  • 1 Jul 1823—1823:
    SA - Lewis Broadbent born to the wife of the Methodist missionary Samuel Broadbent at Leeudoringstad, 16km from Wolmaranstad, on the 1st July 1823. Lewis later became a missionary to India.
  • 2 Dec 1823—2 Dec 1823:
    US President James Monroe delivers a speech establishing American neutrality in future European conflicts (the 'Monroe Doctrine')
33 1824 
  • 1824—1824:
    SA - George Thompson travels inland - naming Augrabies Falls "Cataract of King George"
  • 1824—1824:
    SA - Construction of road through Fransch Hoek Pass. First Synod of the Dutch Reformed Church. Mission station at Lovedale founded. First lighthouse opened.
  • 1824—1824:
    RSPCA established
  • 1824—1824:
    Portland cement patented
  • 4 Mar 1824—4 Mar 1824:
    Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) founded (called the 'National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck' until 1854)
  • 10 May 1824—10 May 1824:
    National Gallery in London opens to the public
34 1825 
  • 1825—1825:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Somerset East.
  • 1825—1825:
    SA - First steamship in Table Bay. Depreciated rix dollar converted into British sterling. The Anglican St. Mary's Collegiate Church started in Port Elizabeth. The Jubilee Park Cemetery in Uitenhage in use circa 1825.
  • 27 Sep 1825—27 Sep 1825:
    Stockton to Darlington Railway opens ? world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains
35 1826 
  • 1826—1826:
    SA - Adam Kok II establishes Philippolis Griqua Captaincy
  • 1826—1826:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregations founded in Clanwilliam, Colesberg, Durbanville and Tijgerberg.
36 1827 
  • 1827—1827:
    Ohm's Law published
37 1828 
  • 1828—1828:
    SA - Ordinance 50 repeals pass laws
  • 1828—1828:
    SA - Circa 1828, the Union Chapel (London Missionary Society - i.e. Congregational) in Port Elizabeth is founded, records start in 1831. St. Mary's Cemetery started in Port Elizabeth circa 1828.
  • 25 Oct 1828—25 Oct 1828:
    St Katharine Docks in London opened (designed by Thomas Telford)
38 1829 
  • 1829—1829:
    London Metropolitan Police Force formed, nicknamed 'Bobbies' after Sir Robert Peel
  • 1829—1829:
    Louis Braille invents his system of finger-reading for the blind
  • 10 Jun 1829—10 Jun 1829:
    First Oxford/Cambridge Boat Race
  • 6 Oct 1829—6 Oct 1829:
    George Stephenson's Rocket wins the Rainhill trials (it was the only one to complete the trial!)
39 1830 
  • 1830—1830:
    SA - Moffat's printing press transported to Kuruman by ox wagon
  • 1830—1830:
    SA - Full civil privileges granted to Roman Catholics in the Cape. Colesberg founded. Road over Sir Lowry's Pass opened.
  • 1830—1830:
    Uprisings and agitation across Europe: the Netherlands are split into Holland and Belgium
  • Jul 1830—Jul 1830:
    Revolution in France, fall of Charles X and the Bourbons ? Louis Philippe (the Citizen King) on the throne
  • 15 Sep 1830—15 Sep 1830:
    George Stephenson's Liverpool & Manchester Railway opened by the Duke of Wellington ? first mail carried by rail, and first death on the railway as William Huskisson, a leading politician, is run over!
40 1831 
  • 1831—1831:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Albany. First publication of De Zuid Afrikaan (ons Land). First issue of Grahamstown Journal.
  • 1831—1831:
    A list of all parish registers dating prior to 1813 compiled
  • 1 Jun 1831—1 Jun 1831:
    James Clark Ross discovers the North Magnetic Pole
  • 1 Aug 1831—1 Aug 1831:
    'New' London Bridge opens (replaced 1973) ? old bridge (which had existed for over 600 years) then demolished
41 1832 
  • 1832—1832:
    Electoral Registers introduced
  • 1832—1832:
    Electric telegraph invented by Morse
  • 7 Jun 1832—7 Jun 1832:
    Reform Bill passed ? Representation of the People Act
42 1833 
  • 1833—1833:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parish in Piquetberg (Piketberg) founded.
  • 1833—1839:
    SA - Approximately 750 juveniles brought to the Cape as apprentices.
  • Jan 1833—Jan 1833:
    Britain invades the Falkland Islands
  • 29 Aug 1833—29 Aug 1833:
    Factory Act forbids employment of children below age of 9
43 1834 
  • 1834—1834:
    SA - Abolition of legal slavery; but slaves apprenticed for four years
  • 1834—1835:
    SA - Andrew Smith with artist Charles Davidson Bell travels in the interior
  • 1834—1834:
    SA - Berlin Mission Society establishes station at Bethulie; and out-station among Korana at Pniel in 1845.
  • 1834—1834:
    SA - The Anglican St. John's Church is built in Bathurst, but its burial records go back to 1823. King William's Town founded. Slaves officially freed but apprenticed for next 4 years.
  • 1834—1834:
    SA - Kommissie treks from Cape begins. Port Natal renamed Durban.
  • 1834—1834:
    Babbage invents forerunner of the computer
  • 18 Mar 1834—18 Mar 1834:
    'Tolpuddle Martyrs' transported (to Australia) for Trades Union activities
  • 1 May 1834—1 May 1834:
    Slavery abolished in British possessions
  • 21 Dec 1834—Sep 1835:
    SA - Sixth Frontier War between Xhosa and whites.
44 1835 
  • 1835—1836:
    SA - Louis Trichardt, Hans van Rensburg and Andries Potgieter trek north.
  • 1835—1835:
    Christmas becomes a national holiday
  • 1835—1835:
    First railway boom period starts in Britain construction of Great Western Railway
45 1836 
  • 1836—1836:
    SA - James Alexander travels through Namaqualand
  • 1836—1836:
    SA - The Great Trek has reached the Transvaal and the Free State areas.
  • 1836—1836:
    SA - Potgieter's trekkers defeat Ndebele at the Battle of Vegkop.
  • 1836—1836:
    First Potato famine in Ireland
  • 30 Jan 1836—30 Jan 1836:
    Telford's Menai Straits Bridge opened ? considered the world's first modern suspension bridge
  • 25 Feb 1836—25 Feb 1836:
    Samuel Colt patented the 'revolver'
  • 6 Mar 1836—6 Mar 1836:
    The Alamo falls to Mexican troops - death of Davy Crockett
  • Jul 1836—Jul 1836:
    Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris
46 1837 
  • 1837—1837:
    SA - Piet Retief publishes his "Manifesto".
  • 1837—1837:
    SA - Andries Potgieter and Piet Uys, helped by Rolong and Griqua tribes, defeat Ndebele at Mosega. Louis Trichardt arrives in Lourenco Marques. Seperate administrative districts granted to Port Elizabeth, Cradock and Colesburg.
  • 1837—1837:
    SA - Victoria
  • 1837—1837:
    Pitman introduces his shorthand system
  • 1837—1837:
    P&O Founded
  • 20 Jun 1837—20 Jun 1837:
    William IV dies - accession of Queen Victoria (to 1901)
  • 1 Jul 1837—1 Jul 1837:
    Compulsory registration of Births, Marriages & Deaths in England & Wales - Registration Districts were formed covering several parishes; initially they had the same boundaries as the Poor Law boundaries set up in 1834
  • 13 Jul 1837—13 Jul 1837:
    Queen Victoria moves into the first Buckingham Palace
  • 20 Jul 1837—20 Jul 1837:
    Euston Railway station opens - first in London
47 1838 
  • 1838—1838:
    SA - Russell Road (Hyman's Kloof) Cemetery established in Port Elizabeth. Pietermaritzburg founded in 1838. Boers found Republic of Natal.
  • Feb 1838—1838:
    SA - Piet Retief and his people are murdered by Dingaan's soldiers at Dingaan's kraal and Weenen.
  • 28 Jun 1838—28 Jun 1838:
    Coronation of Queen Victoria at Westminster Abbey
  • 16 Dec 1838—1838:
    SA - Battle of Blood River fought between Zulus and Boers.
48 1839 
  • 1839—1839:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parishes founded in Bredasdorp and Riversdale. Potchefstroom founded.
  • 1839—1839:
    First Opium War between Britain and China (to 1842) - Britain captures Hong Kong
  • 1839—1839:
    Scottish blacksmith Kirkpatrick MacMillan refines the primitive bicycle adding a mechanical crank drive to the rear wheel,thus creating the first true 'bicycle' in the modern Sense
  • 1839—1839:
    Charles Goodyear invented vulcanized rubber

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