Timeline: Coenraad Cloete: British 1820 Settlers to South Africa

Coenraad Cloete

1663 - Abt 1703 (39 years)

1660

Coenraad Cloete (1663 - 1703)

	Date	Event(s)
1	1660	1660—1679: SA - Expansion of Cape settlement
2	1663	1663—1663: SA - Outposts set up at Saldanha Bay and Hottentots Holland.
3	1664	29 May 1664—29 May 1664: Oak Apple Day - the birthday of Charles II and the day when he entered London at the Restoration; commanded by Act of Parliament in 1664 to be observed as a day of thanksgiving. A special service (expunged in 1859) was inserted in the Book of Common Prayer and people wore sprigs of oak with gilded oak-apples on that day. 27 Aug 1664—27 Aug 1664: Nieuw Amsterdam becomes New York as 300 English soldiers under Col. Mathias Nicolls take the town from the Dutch under orders from Charles II. The town is renamed after the King's brother James, Duke of York
4	1665	1665—1665: SA - The first Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded at the Cape and the first minister appointed, Rev. J. van Arkel. 1665—1665: Great Plague of London (July-October) kills over 60,000 1665—1665: Five-mile Act restricts non-conformist ministers in Britain 7 Nov 1665—7 Nov 1665: The ?London Gazette' first published - one of the official journals of record of the United Kingdom government and the oldest continuously published newspaper in the United Kingdom
5	1666	1666—1666: SA - The Castle (or Fort) building started in Cape Town 1666—1666: SA - Settlements in Saldanha Bay and Vishoek (Fish Hoek). First Calvinist church built in Cape Town. 1666—1666: Use of semaphore signalling pioneered by Lord Worcester 1666—1666: Newton formulated Laws of Gravity 2 Sep 1666—2 Sep 1666: Great Fire of London, after a drought beginning 27 June (2-6 Sep)
6	1667	1667—1667: SA - Indians arrive at the Cape.
7	1668	1668—1668: British East India Company obtains control of Bombay 1668—1668: Newton constructs reflecting telescope
8	1669	31 May 1669—31 May 1669: Last entry in Pepys's diary
9	1670	26 May 1670—26 May 1670: King Charles II and King Louis XIV of France sign the Secret Treaty of Dover
10	1671	9 May 1671—9 May 1671: Thomas Blood caught stealing the Crown Jewels
11	1672	1672—1672: High Court of Justiciary established in Scotland 1672—1672: War with Holland (to 1674) - British Army increased to 10,000 men
12	1673	1673—1673: SA - Second Dutch-Khoekhoe war 1673—1673: First Test Act deprives British Catholics and Non-conformists of Public Office
13	1674	10 Nov 1674—10 Nov 1674: Treaty of Westminster - Netherlands cedes New Netherlands (on the eastern coast of North America) to Britain
14	1675	1675—1675: Beginning of Whig party under Shaftsbury 1675—1675: Rebuilding of St Paul's started by Wren (completed 1710) 4 Mar 1675—4 Mar 1675: John Flamsteed appointed first Astronomer Royal of England 10 Aug 1675—10 Aug 1675: Building of Royal Greenwich Observatory started
15	1676	1676—1676: Compton Census, named after its initiator Henry Compton, Bishop of London, was intended to discover the number of Anglican conformists, Roman Catholic recusants and Protestant dissenters in England and Wales from enquiries made in individual parishes
16	1677	1677—1677: Lee's Collection of Names of Merchants in London' published
17	1678	1678—1678: SA - Settlement of Hottentots-Holland. 1678—1678: Extension of Test Act to peers
18	1679	1679—1679: SA - Simon van der Stel arrives with orders to expand colony 1679—1679: SA - Stellenbosch founded. Castle in Cape Town is completed. First farmers settle along the Eerste River. 1679—1679: Tories first so named 27 May 1679—27 May 1679: Habeas Corpus Act becomes law in England - (later repealed from time to time)
19	1680	1680—1680: William Dockwra(y) begins his London Penny Post 1680—1680: Dodo becomes extinct in Mauritius through over-hunting
20	1681	1681—1681: Second Test Act (against non-conformists) passed by Westminster Parliament 1681—1681: Oil lighting first used in London streets
21	1682	1682—1682: Pennsylvania founded by William Penn 1682—1682: Library of Advocates founded in Edinburgh - later National Library of Scotland 1682—1682: Halley observes the comet which bears his name
22	1683	1683—1683: Wild boar become extinct in Britain 6 Jun 1683—6 Jun 1683: Ashmolean Museum opened at Oxford - first museum in Britain
23	1685	1685—1685: James the Second (1685-1689, died 1701) - Monmouth rebellion and battle of Sedgemoor - British Army raised to 20,000 men 1685—1685: Earl of Argyll's Invasion of Scotland 1685—1685: Judge Jeffreys and the Bloody Assizes - 320 executed, 800 transported 1685—1685: SA - Simon van der Stel visits Namaqualand 1685—1685: SA - Commissioner Hendrik van Reede (VOC) decrees that male slaves can buy their freedom for 100 guilders on reaching the age of 25 years, provided that they have been confirmed in the Dutch Reformed Church and can speak Dutch. The same conditions apply to female slaves, who can buy their freedom at age 22 years.
24	1686	1686—1686: Release of all prisoners held for their religious beliefs 1686—1686: SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Stellenbosch.
25	1687	1687—1687: SA - Settlements along Berg River (Drakenstein, Paarl). 4 Apr 1687—4 Apr 1687: James II issues the Declaration of Indulgence, suspending laws against Catholics and non-conformists 5 Jul 1687—5 Jul 1687: Newton published his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica' - written in Latin
26	1688	1688—1688: British Army raised to 40,000 1688—1688: Bill of Rights limits the powers of the monarchy over parliament 1688—1688: Hearth Tax abolished 1688—1688: Mutiny Act Feb 1688—Feb 1688: Edward Lloyd's Coffee House opens - later became Lloyd's of London Apr 1688—Apr 1688: SA - Approximately 200 French Huguenots arrive at the Cape, settle mostly in Fransch Hoek. Nov 1688—Nov 1688: The Glorious Revolution: James II abdicates 5 Nov 1688—5 Nov 1688: William of Orange lands at Torbay Dec 1688—Dec 1688: Siege of Londonderry (began Dec 1688; ended 28 Jul 1689)
27	1689	1689—1689: Devonport naval dockyard established 13 Feb 1689—13 Feb 1689: William III and Mary II, daughter of James II, jointly take the throne (only William, however, has regal power) 12 Mar 1689—12 Mar 1689: Deposed James VII & II flees to Ireland - defeated at the Battle of the Boyne (1 Jul 1690) 24 May 1689—24 May 1689: Toleration Act passed for Protestant non-conformists 27 Jul 1689—27 Jul 1689: Battle of Killiecrankie in Scotland - Jacobites defeated Government troops but at high cost 16 Dec 1689—16 Dec 1689: Bill of Rights passed by Parliament, ending King's divine right to raise taxes or wage war
28	1690	20 May 1690—20 May 1690: England passes Act of Grace, forgiving Roman Catholic followers of James II
29	1691	1691—1691: SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregations founded in Drakenstein and Paarl.
30	1692	1692—1692: Land Tax introduced - originally designed as an annual tax on personal estate, public offices and land. For practical purposes, however, assessors tended to avoid assessing items of wealth other than landed property so that it became known as the Land Tax. 1692—1692: French intention to invade England came to nothing 13 Feb 1692—13 Feb 1692: The massacre of Glencoe - Clan Campbell sides with King William and murders members of Clan McDonald
31	1693	4 Aug 1693—4 Aug 1693: Date traditionally ascribed to Dom Pierre P?rignon 's invention of Champagne
32	1694	1694—1694: National Debt came into effect in England 1694—1694: Stamp Duties introduced into Britain from Holland 1694—1694: Mary II death leaves William III as sole ruler 1694—1694: Triennial Act, new Parliamentary elections every three years 1694—1694: Scotland: Poll Tax imposed on all over sixteen, except the destitute and insane (-1699) 27 Jul 1694—27 Jul 1694: Bank of England founded by William Paterson (a Scot)
33	1695	1695—1695: Freedom of Press in England granted 1695—1695: Bank of Scotland founded 1695—1695: Act of Parliament imposes a fine on all who fail to inform the parish minister of the birth of a child (repealed 1706) 1695—1695: Start of Dissenters' lists in parish registers - children born but not christened in the parish church - some were named 'Papist' and others 'Protestants'
34	1697	2 Dec 1697—2 Dec 1697: Official opening of St Paul's Cathedral
35	1698	1698—1698: Invention of steam engine by Capt Thomas Savery 1698—1698: Darien Expedition: a disastrous attempt to establish a Scots settlement in Panama 1698—1698: Duties (taxes) on entries in parish registers - repealed after five years 1698—1698: SA - Settlement of Wagenmaker's Vallei (Wellington). 4 Jan 1698—4 Jan 1698: Most of the Palace of Whitehall in London destroyed by fire 14 Nov 1698—14 Nov 1698: Eddystone Lighthouse (Henry Winstanley's) first lit; completed 10 days earlier
36	1700	1700—1700: Population in England and Scotland approx 7.5 million 1700—1799: SA - VOC slave trading in Mozambique; Zanzibar and Madagascar 1700—1700: SA - Settlement in Land van Waveren (Tulbagh).
37	1701	1701—1701: Act of Settlement bars Catholics from the British throne 1701—1701: SA - Cattle raids by Khoisan commence against Dutch 23 May 1701—23 May 1701: After being convicted of piracy and murdering William Moore, Captain William Kidd hanged in London
38	1702	8 Mar 1702—8 Mar 1702: Anne Stuart becomes Queen 11 Mar 1702—11 Mar 1702: First English daily newspaper The Daily Courant (till 1735)
39	1703	4 Aug 1703—4 Aug 1703: British take Gibraltar 24 Nov 1703—24 Nov 1703: Climate: Most violent storms of the millennium cause vast damage across southern England - about a third of Britain's merchant fleet lost, and Eddystone lighthouse destroyed on 27 November (Nov 24 - Dec 2)

Date

Event(s)

1660

1660—1679:
SA - Expansion of Cape settlement

1663

1663—1663:
SA - Outposts set up at Saldanha Bay and Hottentots Holland.

1664

29 May 1664—29 May 1664:
Oak Apple Day - the birthday of Charles II and the day when he entered London at the Restoration; commanded by Act of Parliament in 1664 to be observed as a day of thanksgiving. A special service (expunged in 1859) was inserted in the Book of Common Prayer and people wore sprigs of oak with gilded oak-apples on that day.
27 Aug 1664—27 Aug 1664:
Nieuw Amsterdam becomes New York as 300 English soldiers under Col. Mathias Nicolls take the town from the Dutch under orders from Charles II. The town is renamed after the King's brother James, Duke of York

1665

1665—1665:
SA - The first Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded at the Cape and the first minister appointed, Rev. J. van Arkel.
1665—1665:
Great Plague of London (July-October) kills over 60,000
1665—1665:
Five-mile Act restricts non-conformist ministers in Britain
7 Nov 1665—7 Nov 1665:
The ?London Gazette' first published - one of the official journals of record of the United Kingdom government and the oldest continuously published newspaper in the United Kingdom

1666

1666—1666:
SA - The Castle (or Fort) building started in Cape Town
1666—1666:
SA - Settlements in Saldanha Bay and Vishoek (Fish Hoek). First Calvinist church built in Cape Town.
1666—1666:
Use of semaphore signalling pioneered by Lord Worcester
1666—1666:
Newton formulated Laws of Gravity
2 Sep 1666—2 Sep 1666:
Great Fire of London, after a drought beginning 27 June (2-6 Sep)

1667

1667—1667:
SA - Indians arrive at the Cape.

1668

1668—1668:
British East India Company obtains control of Bombay
1668—1668:
Newton constructs reflecting telescope

1669

31 May 1669—31 May 1669:
Last entry in Pepys's diary

1670

26 May 1670—26 May 1670:
King Charles II and King Louis XIV of France sign the Secret Treaty of Dover

1671

9 May 1671—9 May 1671:
Thomas Blood caught stealing the Crown Jewels

1672

1672—1672:
High Court of Justiciary established in Scotland
1672—1672:
War with Holland (to 1674) - British Army increased to 10,000 men

1673

1673—1673:
SA - Second Dutch-Khoekhoe war
1673—1673:
First Test Act deprives British Catholics and Non-conformists of Public Office

1674

10 Nov 1674—10 Nov 1674:
Treaty of Westminster - Netherlands cedes New Netherlands (on the eastern coast of North America) to Britain

1675

1675—1675:
Beginning of Whig party under Shaftsbury
1675—1675:
Rebuilding of St Paul's started by Wren (completed 1710)
4 Mar 1675—4 Mar 1675:
John Flamsteed appointed first Astronomer Royal of England
10 Aug 1675—10 Aug 1675:
Building of Royal Greenwich Observatory started

1676

1676—1676:
Compton Census, named after its initiator Henry Compton, Bishop of London, was intended to discover the number of Anglican conformists, Roman Catholic recusants and Protestant dissenters in England and Wales from enquiries made in individual parishes

1677

1677—1677:
Lee's Collection of Names of Merchants in London' published

1678

1678—1678:
SA - Settlement of Hottentots-Holland.
1678—1678:
Extension of Test Act to peers

1679

1679—1679:
SA - Simon van der Stel arrives with orders to expand colony
1679—1679:
SA - Stellenbosch founded. Castle in Cape Town is completed. First farmers settle along the Eerste River.
1679—1679:
Tories first so named
27 May 1679—27 May 1679:
Habeas Corpus Act becomes law in England - (later repealed from time to time)

1680

1680—1680:
William Dockwra(y) begins his London Penny Post
1680—1680:
Dodo becomes extinct in Mauritius through over-hunting

1681

1681—1681:
Second Test Act (against non-conformists) passed by Westminster Parliament
1681—1681:
Oil lighting first used in London streets

1682

1682—1682:
Pennsylvania founded by William Penn
1682—1682:
Library of Advocates founded in Edinburgh - later National Library of Scotland
1682—1682:
Halley observes the comet which bears his name

1683

1683—1683:
Wild boar become extinct in Britain
6 Jun 1683—6 Jun 1683:
Ashmolean Museum opened at Oxford - first museum in Britain

1685

1685—1685:
James the Second (1685-1689, died 1701) - Monmouth rebellion and battle of Sedgemoor - British Army raised to 20,000 men
1685—1685:
Earl of Argyll's Invasion of Scotland
1685—1685:
Judge Jeffreys and the Bloody Assizes - 320 executed, 800 transported
1685—1685:
SA - Simon van der Stel visits Namaqualand
1685—1685:
SA - Commissioner Hendrik van Reede (VOC) decrees that male slaves can buy their freedom for 100 guilders on reaching the age of 25 years, provided that they have been confirmed in the Dutch Reformed Church and can speak Dutch. The same conditions apply to female slaves, who can buy their freedom at age 22 years.

1686

1686—1686:
Release of all prisoners held for their religious beliefs
1686—1686:
SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Stellenbosch.

1687

1687—1687:
SA - Settlements along Berg River (Drakenstein, Paarl).
4 Apr 1687—4 Apr 1687:
James II issues the Declaration of Indulgence, suspending laws against Catholics and non-conformists
5 Jul 1687—5 Jul 1687:
Newton published his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica' - written in Latin

1688

1688—1688:
British Army raised to 40,000
1688—1688:
Bill of Rights limits the powers of the monarchy over parliament
1688—1688:
Hearth Tax abolished
1688—1688:
Mutiny Act
Feb 1688—Feb 1688:
Edward Lloyd's Coffee House opens - later became Lloyd's of London
Apr 1688—Apr 1688:
SA - Approximately 200 French Huguenots arrive at the Cape, settle mostly in Fransch Hoek.
Nov 1688—Nov 1688:
The Glorious Revolution: James II abdicates
5 Nov 1688—5 Nov 1688:
William of Orange lands at Torbay
Dec 1688—Dec 1688:
Siege of Londonderry (began Dec 1688; ended 28 Jul 1689)

1689

1689—1689:
Devonport naval dockyard established
13 Feb 1689—13 Feb 1689:
William III and Mary II, daughter of James II, jointly take the throne (only William, however, has regal power)
12 Mar 1689—12 Mar 1689:
Deposed James VII & II flees to Ireland - defeated at the Battle of the Boyne (1 Jul 1690)
24 May 1689—24 May 1689:
Toleration Act passed for Protestant non-conformists
27 Jul 1689—27 Jul 1689:
Battle of Killiecrankie in Scotland - Jacobites defeated Government troops but at high cost
16 Dec 1689—16 Dec 1689:
Bill of Rights passed by Parliament, ending King's divine right to raise taxes or wage war

1690

20 May 1690—20 May 1690:
England passes Act of Grace, forgiving Roman Catholic followers of James II

1691

1691—1691:
SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregations founded in Drakenstein and Paarl.

1692

1692—1692:
Land Tax introduced - originally designed as an annual tax on personal estate, public offices and land. For practical purposes, however, assessors tended to avoid assessing items of wealth other than landed property so that it became known as the Land Tax.
1692—1692:
French intention to invade England came to nothing
13 Feb 1692—13 Feb 1692:
The massacre of Glencoe - Clan Campbell sides with King William and murders members of Clan McDonald

1693

4 Aug 1693—4 Aug 1693:
Date traditionally ascribed to Dom Pierre P?rignon 's invention of Champagne

1694

1694—1694:
National Debt came into effect in England
1694—1694:
Stamp Duties introduced into Britain from Holland
1694—1694:
Mary II death leaves William III as sole ruler
1694—1694:
Triennial Act, new Parliamentary elections every three years
1694—1694:
Scotland: Poll Tax imposed on all over sixteen, except the destitute and insane (-1699)
27 Jul 1694—27 Jul 1694:
Bank of England founded by William Paterson (a Scot)

1695

1695—1695:
Freedom of Press in England granted
1695—1695:
Bank of Scotland founded
1695—1695:
Act of Parliament imposes a fine on all who fail to inform the parish minister of the birth of a child (repealed 1706)
1695—1695:
Start of Dissenters' lists in parish registers - children born but not christened in the parish church - some were named 'Papist' and others 'Protestants'

1697

2 Dec 1697—2 Dec 1697:
Official opening of St Paul's Cathedral

1698

1698—1698:
Invention of steam engine by Capt Thomas Savery
1698—1698:
Darien Expedition: a disastrous attempt to establish a Scots settlement in Panama
1698—1698:
Duties (taxes) on entries in parish registers - repealed after five years
1698—1698:
SA - Settlement of Wagenmaker's Vallei (Wellington).
4 Jan 1698—4 Jan 1698:
Most of the Palace of Whitehall in London destroyed by fire
14 Nov 1698—14 Nov 1698:
Eddystone Lighthouse (Henry Winstanley's) first lit; completed 10 days earlier

1700

1700—1700:
Population in England and Scotland approx 7.5 million
1700—1799:
SA - VOC slave trading in Mozambique; Zanzibar and Madagascar
1700—1700:
SA - Settlement in Land van Waveren (Tulbagh).

1701

1701—1701:
Act of Settlement bars Catholics from the British throne
1701—1701:
SA - Cattle raids by Khoisan commence against Dutch
23 May 1701—23 May 1701:
After being convicted of piracy and murdering William Moore, Captain William Kidd hanged in London

1702

8 Mar 1702—8 Mar 1702:
Anne Stuart becomes Queen
11 Mar 1702—11 Mar 1702:
First English daily newspaper The Daily Courant (till 1735)

1703

4 Aug 1703—4 Aug 1703:
British take Gibraltar
24 Nov 1703—24 Nov 1703:
Climate: Most violent storms of the millennium cause vast damage across southern England - about a third of Britain's merchant fleet lost, and Eddystone lighthouse destroyed on 27 November (Nov 24 - Dec 2)

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