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Rosemary Coral Shaw


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1695
1716
1737
1757
1778
1799
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   Date  Event(s)
1 1695 
  • 1695—1695:
    Freedom of Press in England granted
  • 1695—1695:
    Bank of Scotland founded
  • 1695—1695:
    Act of Parliament imposes a fine on all who fail to inform the parish minister of the birth of a child (repealed 1706)
  • 1695—1695:
    Start of Dissenters' lists in parish registers - children born but not christened in the parish church - some were named 'Papist' and others 'Protestants'
2 1697 
  • 2 Dec 1697—2 Dec 1697:
    Official opening of St Paul's Cathedral
3 1698 
  • 1698—1698:
    Invention of steam engine by Capt Thomas Savery
  • 1698—1698:
    Darien Expedition: a disastrous attempt to establish a Scots settlement in Panama
  • 1698—1698:
    Duties (taxes) on entries in parish registers - repealed after five years
  • 1698—1698:
    SA - Settlement of Wagenmaker's Vallei (Wellington).
  • 4 Jan 1698—4 Jan 1698:
    Most of the Palace of Whitehall in London destroyed by fire
  • 14 Nov 1698—14 Nov 1698:
    Eddystone Lighthouse (Henry Winstanley's) first lit; completed 10 days earlier
4 1700 
  • 1700—1700:
    Population in England and Scotland approx 7.5 million
  • 1700—1799:
    SA - VOC slave trading in Mozambique; Zanzibar and Madagascar
  • 1700—1700:
    SA - Settlement in Land van Waveren (Tulbagh).
5 1701 
  • 1701—1701:
    Act of Settlement bars Catholics from the British throne
  • 1701—1701:
    SA - Cattle raids by Khoisan commence against Dutch
  • 23 May 1701—23 May 1701:
    After being convicted of piracy and murdering William Moore, Captain William Kidd hanged in London
6 1702 
  • 8 Mar 1702—8 Mar 1702:
    Anne Stuart becomes Queen
  • 11 Mar 1702—11 Mar 1702:
    First English daily newspaper The Daily Courant (till 1735)
7 1703 
  • 4 Aug 1703—4 Aug 1703:
    British take Gibraltar
  • 24 Nov 1703—24 Nov 1703:
    Climate: Most violent storms of the millennium cause vast damage across southern England - about a third of Britain's merchant fleet lost, and Eddystone lighthouse destroyed on 27 November (Nov 24 - Dec 2)
8 1704 
  • 1704—1704:
    Penal Code enacted - Catholics barred from voting, education and the military
  • 13 Aug 1704—13 Aug 1704:
    Battle of Blenheim
9 1705 
  • 1705—1705:
    First workable steam pumping engine devised by Thomas Newcomen (some say c1710 or 1711)
  • 1705—1705:
    Isaac Newton knighted (for his work at the Royal Mint)
10 1706 
  • 1706—1706:
    First evening newspaper The Evening Post' issued in London
11 1707 
  • 16 Jan 1707—16 Jan 1707:
    Union with Scotland - Scots agree to send 16 peers and 45 MPs to English Parliament in return for full trading privileges - Scottish Parliament meets for the last time in March
  • 1 May 1707—1 May 1707:
    English and Scottish Parliaments united by an Act of the English Parliament - The Kingdom of Great Britain established - largest free-trade area in Europe at the time
12 1708 
  • 1708—1708:
    First Jacobite rising in Scotland
  • 1708—1708:
    Earliest Artillery Muster Rolls
13 1709 
  • 1709—1709:
    Second Eddystone lighthouse completed
  • 1709—1709:
    First Copyright Act pass
  • 1709—1709:
    Bad harvests throughout Europe - bread riots in Britain
  • 2 Feb 1709—2 Feb 1709:
    Alexander Selkirk rescued from shipwreck on a desert island, inspiring the book Robinson Crusoe (published in 1719) by Daniel Defoe
14 1710 
  • 1710—1710:
    Tax on Apprentice Indentures introduced
15 1711 
  • 1711—1711:
    Incorporation of South Sea Company, in London
  • 11 Aug 1711—11 Aug 1711:
    First race meeting at Ascot
16 1712 
  • 1712—1712:
    Imposition of Soap Tax (abolished 1853)
  • 1712—1712:
    Last trial for witchcraft in England (Jane Wenham)
  • 1712—1712:
    Toleration Act passed - first relief to non-Anglicans
17 1713 
  • 1713—1713:
    By this year there are some 3,000 coffee houses in London
  • 1713—1713:
    SA - Smallpox epidemic in the Cape, introduced from India, decimates Hottentots, kills many whites.
18 1714 
  • 1714—1714:
    Longitude Act: prize of ?20,000 offered to the inventor of a workable method of determining a ship's longitude (won by John Harrison in 1773 for his chronometer).
  • 1714—1714:
    Schism Act, prevents Dissenters from being schoolmasters in England
  • 1714—1714:
    Landholders forced to take the Oath of Allegiance and renounce Roman Catholicism
  • 1 Aug 1714—1 Aug 1714:
    Queen Anne Stuart dies - George I Hanover becomes king (1714-1727).
19 1715 
  • 1715—1715:
    Second Jacobite rebellion in Scotland, under the Old Pretender ('The Fifteen')
  • 1 Aug 1715—1 Aug 1715:
    Riot Act passed
20 1716 
  • 1716—1716:
    The Septennial Act of Britain leads to greater electoral corruption - general elections now to be held once every 7 years instead of every 3 (until 1911)
  • 1716—1716:
    Climate: Thames frozen so solid that a spring tide lifted the ice bodily 13ft without interrupting the frost fair
21 1717 
  • 1717—1717:
    SA - System of freehold title to land ends, by which time about 400 farms granted.
  • 1717—1717:
    First Masonic Lodge opens in London
  • 1717—1717:
    Value of the golden guinea fixed at 21 shillings
22 1719 
  • 1719—1719:
    Third abortive Jacobite rising
23 1720 
  • 1720—1749:
    SA - Western Cape Khoekhoe reduced to labouring class
  • 1720—1720:
    South Sea Bubble, a stock-market crash on Exchange Alley - government assumes control of National Debt
  • 1720—1720:
    Manufacturing towns start to increase in population - rise of new wealth
  • 1720—1720:
    Wallpaper becomes fashionable in England
24 1721 
  • 2 Apr 1721—2 Apr 1721:
    Robert Walpole (Whig) becomes first Prime Minister (to 1742)
25 1722 
  • 1722—1722:
    SA - Groot Constantia is built.
  • 1722—1722:
    Last trial for witchcraft in Scotland
  • 1722—1722:
    Knatchbull's Act, poor laws
26 1723 
  • 1723—1723:
    Excise tax levied for coffee, tea, and chocolate
  • 1723—1723:
    The Waltham Black Acts add 50 capital offences to the penal code - people could be sentenced to death for theft and poaching - repealed in 1827
  • 1723—1723:
    The Workhouse Act or Test - to get relief, a poor person has to enter Workhouse
27 1724 
  • 1724—1724:
    Rapid growth of gin drinking in England
  • 1724—1724:
    Longman's founded (Britain's oldest publishing house)
28 1726 
  • 1726—1726:
    First circulating library opened in Edinburgh
  • 1726—1726:
    Invention of the chronometer by John Harrison
29 1727 
  • 1727—1727:
    Board of Manufacturers established in Scotland
  • 11 Jun 1727—11 Jun 1727:
    George I dies - George II Hanover becomes king
30 1729 
  • 9 Nov 1729—9 Nov 1729:
    Treaty of Seville signed between Britain, France and Spain - Britain maintained control of Port Mahon and Gibraltar
31 1730 
  • 1730—1730:
    SA - The VOC imports slaves from Mozambique and Zanzibar. First Boers reach George area, trek inland into Langkloof.
  • 1730—1730:
    Irish famine
32 1731 
  • 1731—1731:
    Invention of seed drill by Jethro Tull [others say 1701]
  • 1731—1731:
    Invention of sextant by John Hadley
33 1732 
  • 1732—1732:
    SA - Annual rental of a leningplaats doubled to 24 rixdollars. Quitrent system of land tenure introduced.
  • 7 Dec 1732—7 Dec 1732:
    Covent Garden Opera House opens
34 1733 
  • 1733—1733:
    Excise crisis: Sir Robert Walpole wanted to add excise tax to tobacco and wine - Pulteney and Bolingbroke oppose the excise tax
  • 1733—1733:
    Law forbidding the use of Latin in parish registers generally obeyed - some continued in Latin for a few years
  • 1733—1733:
    John Kay invents the flying shuttle, revolutionised the weaving industry
35 1734 
  • 1734—1734:
    SA - Great Brak River proclaimed eastern boundary of Cape.
  • 1734—1734:
    Kent's Directory published
36 1737 
  • 1737—1743:
    SA - Short-lived Moravian mission to Khoekhoe
  • 1737—1737:
    Licensing Act restricts the number of London theatres and subects plays to censorship of the Lord Chamberlain (till 1950s)
37 1738 
  • 24 May 1738—24 May 1738:
    John Wesley has his conversion experience
38 1739 
  • 1739—1739:
    Wesley and Whitefield commence great Methodist revival
  • 7 Apr 1739—7 Apr 1739:
    Dick Turpin, highwayman, hanged at York
  • 23 Oct 1739—23 Oct 1739:
    War of Jenkins' Ear starts: Robert Walpole reluctantly declares war on Spain
39 1741 
  • 1741—1741:
    Benjamin Ingham founded the Moravian Methodists or Inghamites - Earliest Moravian registers
40 1742 
  • 1742—1742:
    England goes to war with Spain - incited by William Pitt the Elder (Earl of Chatham) for the sake of trade
41 1743 
  • 1743—1743:
    SA - First recorded Trekboer loan farms in Roggeveld
  • 1743—1743:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregations founded in Roodezand and Tulbagh.
  • 16 Jun 1743—16 Jun 1743:
    (June 27 in Gregorian calendar): Battle of Dettingen - last time a British sovereign (George II) led troops in battle
42 1744 
  • 1744—1744:
    Tune 'God Save the King' makes its appearance
43 1745 
  • 1745—1745:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregations founded in Swartland (Malmesbury).
  • 1745—1745:
    Jacobite rebellion in Scotland ('The Forty-five')
  • 19 Aug 1745—19 Aug 1745:
    Bonnie Prince Charlie (The Young Pretender) lands in the western Highlands - raises support among Episcopalian and Catholic clans - The Pretender's army invades Perth, Edinburgh, and England as far as Derby
44 1746 
  • 1746—1746:
    SA - Swellendam is founded.
  • 16 Apr 1746—16 Apr 1746:
    Battle of Culloden - last battle fought in Britain - 5,000 Highlanders routed by the Duke of Cumberland and 9,000 loyalists Scots - Young Pretender Charles flees to Continent, ending Jacobite hopes forever - the wearing of the kilt prohibited
45 1747 
  • 1747—1747:
    Act for Pacification of the Highlands
  • 1747—1747:
    Abolition of Heritable Jurisdictions in Scotland
46 1749 
  • 27 Apr 1749—27 Apr 1749:
    First performance of Handel's Music for the Royal Fireworks (in Green Park, London)
47 1750 
  • Feb 1750—Feb 1750:
    Series of earthquakes in London and the Home Counties cause panic with predictions of an apocalypse (Feb/Mar)
  • 16 Nov 1750—16 Nov 1750:
    Original Westminster Bridge opened (replaced in 1862 due to subsidence)
48 1751 
  • Mar 1751—Mar 1751:
    Chesterfield's Calendar Act passed - royal assent to the bill was given on 22 May 1751 - decision to adopt Gregorian Calendar in 1752: In and throughout all his
49 1752 
  • 1752—1752:
    Benjamin Franklin invents the lightning conductor
  • 1 Jan 1752—1 Jan 1752:
    Beginning of the year 1752 [Scotland had adopted January as the start of the year in 1600, and some other countries in Europe had adopted the Gregorian calendar as early as 1582]
  • 3 Sep 1752—3 Sep 1752:
    Julian Calendar dropped and Gregorian Calendar adopted in England and Scotland, making this Sep 14
50 1753 
  • 1753—1753:
    Private collection of Sir Hans Sloane forms the basis of the British Museum
  • 1 May 1753—1 May 1753:
    Publication of ?Species Plantarum' by Linnaeus and the formal start date of plant taxonomy
51 1754 
  • 1754—1754:
    Hardwicke Act (1753): Banns to be called, and Printed Marriage Register forms to be used - Quakers & Jews exempt
  • 1754—1754:
    In the General Election, the Cow Inn at Haslemere, Surrey caused a national scandal by subdividing the freehold to create eight votes instead of one
  • 1754—1754:
    First British troops not belonging to the East India Company despatched to India
  • 1754—1754:
    SA - First recorded Xam San resistance to Roggeveld Trekboers
52 1755 
  • 1755—1755:
    Publication of Dictionary of the English Language' by Dr Samuel Johnson
  • 1755—1755:
    Period of canal construction began in Britain (till 1827)
  • 1755—1755:
    SA - Smallpox epidemic in the Cape. Foundation stone of Old Town House in Cape Town is laid.
  • 2 Dec 1755—2 Dec 1755:
    Second Eddystone Lighthouse destroyed by fire
53 1756 
  • 15 May 1756—15 May 1756:
    The Seven Years War with France (Pitt's trade war) begins
  • Jun 1756—Jun 1756:
    Black Hole of Calcutta - 146 Britons imprisoned, most die according to British sources

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